Apparatus for the manufacture of enriched water gas and coal gas



A. V. TULLY Sept. 27, '1932.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENRICHED WATER GAS AND COAL GAS Filed April 3, 1929 DDDD-UU-UUUDUU 1 DDUUUDDDUDD mmmmmgmammm Patented Sept. 27, 1932 NrrEn s'raras ALBERT VICTOR TULLY, F NEWABK-ON-THE-TEENT}ENGLAND APPARATUS FOR'TI-IE MANUFACTURE OF ENRICHEI j WATER GAS AND COAL GAS Application filed April 3, isaaserial No. 352,21aena 'in er atnritamfa n 4, 192s.

In the manufacture of gas by alternately blowing fuel to incandescence with air and then passing steam through the mass of the fuel, the said blowing step causes part of the fuel to be blown out of the stack valve in the form of breeze and dust. To prevent the loss thus represented and overcome the ob ection thereto which obtains in populous districts, a cyclone separator is somet1mes fitted to receive the discharge past the stack valve. Furthermore provision is in certain plants made for recovery of heat of the air blow gases by means of a chamber between the generator and the stack valve, in which chamber dust is trapped.

The object of the present lnventlon 1s to effect an improvement in the apparatus whereby the fuel particles from the air blast gases are more effectively arrested and separated before the stack valve is reached with at the same time recovery of sensible heat available for the superheating of steam in a down run following an up run or for hxlng vapor for enrichment of the water gas made by means by the injection of oil or other suitable hydrocarbon during a gas making period.

With this end in view the invention consists in combining with a gas generator a cyclone dust extractor, the outlet of which is connected to the stack valve, while in addition there is a connection adapted to enable steam to be passed through the dust extractor into the gas generator. A further connection may be provided for allowing gas to pass from the generator through the dust extractor with the stack valve closed.

In the accompanying drawing whereof Fig.

l is a sectional elevation and Fig. 2 a part sectional plan, there is shown as employed a water gas generator 1 of a well known type embodying a superposed coal distillation retort 2, coal being fed through a charging door, 3 at the top and descending by gravity through the retort to the generator. Checker work l surrounds the retort. During the gases through the vessel 11 a portion of the into the dust extracting blowingperiod air is admitted by way of the valve 5, beneath the grate 6 of the water gas generator, passes up through the carbonized fuel in the said generator, leaves the fuel 5?.

bed by nostrils 7 and enters a combustion ichamber 8 beneath the checker. work 4 where a further supply of air is admitted by a valve 9, causing combustion of the whole or aportion of the carbon monoxide content of the air blast gases. The products of this combustion passup through the checker work surroundmg the superposed retort 2, finally leaving as by a branch piece 10 which enters tangentially a vessel 11 in such manner as to sepa- 53 rate the dustparticles intheknown manner of a cyclone extractor. Owing to the speed at which the burned blastgasespass around the vessel 11 the particles are projected by V centrifugal force and gravity outward and downwardtowards the outer surface, finally descending into a collecting pipe 12. The

gases free from dust and fuel particles, pass through openings 13 in the wall of a central flueltwhich has its bottom end "closed, as indicated at 26, and at its top end 'communicates with the atmosphere through the stack pipe l5and valve 16..

During the passage of the burned blast sensibleheat is given up to the brickwork '75 forming the lining 17 and centralflue 14 of suchvessel.

With such apparatus, water gas is made .by admitting steam eitherbelow the grate 6 as through the inlet l8'for the up run or vessel 11 nearthe bottom asthrough the inlet 19 for the down 7 run., In the former case the steam passes up through the incandescent fuel bed in forming watergas, which water gas passes up through the coal in the retort 2 and with an admixture of coal gas leaves by a gas outle't20 connected to a valved seal-box which is notshown." In the second case the steam entering the vessel 11 passes up through the i vessel, in which it is superheated by taking up heat from the brickwork forming the lining 17 and flue 14: of such vessel. It then passes through the branch or like connecting member 10 referred to and downwards through the check-er work 4 and carbonized fuel, forming water gas which leaves by a gas outlet 21 below the grate 6 also communicating with the valved seal-box.

When it is desired to enrich with oil or "other hydrocarbon thegasproduced, oil is admittedat a convenient position as for ex ample through the inlet marked 22 to the checker work-4 where such'oil' or'other hydrocarbon is cracked to an enriching oil vapor. In such case, only a part of the water,

gas produced in the generator by the admission of steam below the grate isallowed topass up through the retort and away by the associated gasoutlet' 20 to the valved sealbox the remainder of the water gasproduced being caused to pass up through the checker 'work'and so carry forward to the dust extracting vessel the oil vapors produced by V the admission of oil. The dustextracting vessel 11' in this case serves a'sa fixing chamber for the oil vapors, and the oil enriched water gas leaves this vessel by a gas outlet 23 adjacent to the stack valve'and also cons nected with the valved seal-box, where it is mixed with the uncarburetted gas simultaneously leaving the generator by the gas outlet 20 near the top of the retort.

The solid material collected in the dust extracting vessel 11 is periodically discharged through a'duct'24by the opening of a valve retort, a 'checkerbrick chamber surrounding V What I claim is 1. An apparatus for producing enriched water gas and coal gas having in combination: a water gas generatorhaving air and steam inlets, a superposed coal distillation the distillation retort, a gas outlet pipe connected to the topof the retort, an oil inlet connected to the checkerbrick chamber, a

separate combined dust separating and oil fixing chamber connected to the checkerbrick chamber, a central flue having a perforated Wall inthe dust separating and'fixing chamber, an inner heat retaining lining in the dust separating and fixing chamber and'a steam inlet to the dust separating'and fixing chamber. 7 V 2. An apparatus for producing enriched water gas and coal gas having in combination:- a water gas generatorhaving air and "steam inlets, a superposed coal distillation retort, a checkerbrick chamber surrounding the distillation-retort, a gas outlet pipe con-, 7 nected to the top of the'retort,an oil inlet connected to the checkerbrick chamber, a

separate cylindrical combined dust separatmg and 011 fixlng chamber, a duct connecting the checkerbrick chamber-to the dustsepaev f 9 

